Cerebral Palsy (CP)
A group of conditions affecting movement and motor skills caused by injury to the developing brain.
What is Cerebral Palsy?
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. It is caused by abnormal development of, or damage to, the brain before, during, or shortly after birth. CP affects muscle tone, movement, and motor skills. It can range from very mild (affecting only one limb) to severe (affecting the whole body). Many people with CP have typical intelligence; others may have co-occurring intellectual disabilities. CP itself does not worsen over time, though secondary complications can develop.
Signs to look for
- Delayed motor milestones (sitting, crawling, walking)
- Stiff or floppy muscle tone
- Asymmetric movement (favouring one side)
- Difficulty with fine motor tasks like gripping or writing
- Involuntary movements or tremors
- Difficulty swallowing or speaking
- Scissor gait or toe-walking
These are common indicators, not a diagnostic checklist. Only a qualified professional can diagnose Cerebral Palsy.
Support strategies
Early physiotherapy
PT from infancy is critical for maximising motor function, preventing contractures, and improving quality of life.
Occupational therapy
OT addresses fine motor skills, daily living activities, seating, and adaptive equipment for school participation.
Augmentative communication (AAC)
Children whose speech is affected benefit from AAC — from picture boards to high-tech devices — to communicate independently.
Adaptive school environment
Ramps, adapted seating, writing aids, and exam concessions are all legal accommodations your child is entitled to.
SASSA Grants
Children with CP who require full-time care due to the severity of their condition qualify for the Care Dependency Grant (~R2,320/month). A specialist medical report confirming the need for full-time care is required. All eligible caregivers can access the Child Support Grant (~R580/month).
Check eligibility →School rights & resources
Community posts
Connect with other parents navigating Cerebral Palsy in South Africa — share experiences, ask questions, and find peer support.
View Cerebral Palsy posts →Find services near you
Schools, therapists, NGOs, and clinics that work with Cerebral Palsy in South Africa.
Search directory →SA organisations
- Cerebral Palsy South Africa
- SCOPE (Schools for Cerebral Palsied Education)
Information is for guidance only. Always consult qualified healthcare professionals for diagnosis and treatment planning.